發(fa)布(bu)時間(jian):2019-02-16|發布者: 大連鹽化集團(tuan)|欄目:鹽化史話
秦漢(han)三國(guo)兩(liang)晉(jin)時(shi)期
秦始皇統一中國后,天下(xia)穩定(ding),遼東鹽業有較大的發(fa)展,但(dan)由于本區(qu)人(ren)口仍(reng)稀(xi)少,鹽產限于區(qu)域(yu)內自(zi)給(gei)。
西漢武帝時代(公(gong)元前(qian)140-86年(nian))。漢武帝為了(le)開(kai)發(fa)遼東,下令人口(kou)稠密的齊魯等郡縣向遼東移(yi)民(min)。朝(chao)廷對移(yi)民(min)給予減免(mian)稅(shui)役等待(dai)遇(yu),鼓勵移(yi)民(min)"隨土而安(an)",定居遼(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)。其(qi)時大(da)連地區移民(min)(min)主要集中(zhong)在(zai)今復州河、碧流河、大(da)沙(sha)河、登沙(sha)河中(zhong)下(xia)游及普蘭店(dian)和沓氏縣南部營(ying)城(cheng)(cheng)子平川(chuan)地帶。移民(min)(min)們在(zai)這(zhe)些地區開(kai)墾土地、筑城(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)寨,取魚鹽之利,使遼(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)、遼(liao)(liao)南大(da)片(pian)土地得以開(kai)發。中(zhong)原文化(hua)和西漢(東(dong)(dong)漢)軍事(shi)勢力逐漸延伸到這(zhe)里,建(jian)筑了(le)數處軍事(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)壘。現今大(da)連地區遺留下(xia)來的(de)漢城(cheng)(cheng)、漢墓所保留下(xia)來的(de)文化(hua)遺址(zhi)是這(zhe)一時期移民(min)(min)歷(li)史(shi)的(de)見證(zheng)。西漢政府推行(xing)鹽鐵(tie)官營(ying),在(zai)遼(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)平郭縣(蓋州附近)設置鹽官,壟斷(duan)鹽業的生產和(he)銷售。
東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢(han)末年的(de)(de)(de)社會大(da)動蕩,是(shi)中國(guo)二千(qian)年封建史上最為嚴(yan)酷(ku)的(de)(de)(de)動蕩之一。遼東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)十(shi)八(ba)縣(xian)(xian)減少為十(shi)一縣(xian)(xian)。至三國(guo)時(shi)期,又演繹了(le)司馬懿征伐公(gong)孫淵及魏吳爭(zheng)奪遼東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)大(da)戰,今大(da)連地(di)區(qu)居民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)青(qing)壯(zhuang)年及婦女被吳軍掠往東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)吳,余(yu)者(zhe)悉數逃至山(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。魏國(guo)為安(an)置(zhi)遼東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)流民(min)(min)(min)(min),在齊(qi)郡的(de)(de)(de)故縱城新(xin)設一個縣(xian)(xian)。因居民(min)(min)(min)(min)來自遼東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)沓縣(xian)(xian)(今大(da)連地(di)區(qu)),故這(zhe)(zhe)個新(xin)設的(de)(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)便命名為新(xin)沓縣(xian)(xian)。這(zhe)(zhe)實際上是(shi)以官方安(an)置(zhi)移(yi)(yi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)一個舉動。這(zhe)(zhe)種易地(di)建縣(xian)(xian)安(an)置(zhi)移(yi)(yi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)做(zuo)法,在中國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)移(yi)(yi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)史上亦不失為一件大(da)事,體(ti)(ti)現(xian)了(le)魏國(guo)統(tong)治集團(tuan)對移(yi)(yi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)安(an)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)重視。西晉王朝(chao)立(li)國(guo)后(hou),移(yi)(yi)居山(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)遼東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)居民(min)(min)(min)(min)部分返回遼東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),但今大(da)連地(di)區(qu)居民(min)(min)(min)(min)仍比較稀少,東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)晉十(shi)六國(guo)時(shi)期,東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)部族高句(ju)麗勢力南下(xia)并于公(gong)元404年控制遼(liao)東(dong)。居住(zhu)在今大連地區(qu)的漢(han)族居民多數逃亡山東(dong)。公元645年唐征平高句麗(668年退出今大連地區)后,原逃(tao)亡山東的大連地區居民后裔部分回遷,但(dan)數量很少。本區鹽(yan)(yan)業生產(chan)雖承襲鹽(yan)(yan)鐵官營,但(dan)鹽(yan)(yan)產(chan)較低,以“熬波煮海(hai)”為主。